Is College Tuition A High School - 876 Words

Perhaps, the most frustrating thing about being a high school senior is assembling the future. While a great proportion of high school seniors opt for a four year-university, many modify their original arrangements and attended a community college. Moreover, community college tuition is significantly less than a four-year university and students still receive a top quality education, but at lower cost. Even though a vast number of students intend to transfer their credits to a four-year university, an extensive amount of students drop out. Students drop out because they are overwhelmed with remedial courses and they are unengaged in the classroom. When they drop out they limit their earning potential and accumulate debt. Despite their best efforts to achieve a higher education some college students find themselves less motivated. According to a 2010 report by The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, about 60% of all students entering college find themselves in need of developmental classes, whether they are in mathematics, Reading, or English. While most students accept college and the coursework with a deep sense of responsibility, students who find themselves academically unprepared have to take remedial courses, which are added burdens for them. â€Å"Thirty percent of college and university students drop out after their first year† (Bowler). Colleges have their own scoring system to determine, whether a student has to enroll in remedial courses or not.Show MoreRelatedA Modern Day Setback That Affects The Majority Of Americans1623 Words   |  7 Pagestoday is tuition and at the current rate of inflation, it will affect the upcoming generation. Imagine yourself as an 18-year-old high school student thinking about your future and college. In this situation, you are the student who gets excellent grades and works hard but isn’t financially stable. You, like lots of others, have dreamed of pursuing your education at the school s you have been accepted to but, you have come to the conclusion that it’s not possible for you to attend those schools becauseRead MoreIs College Worth The Money?991 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States alone, roughly about 20.2 million people are attending American universities and colleges as of the fall of 2015 (â€Å"Back to School Statistics†). Students around the country are paying thousands upon thousands of dollars to receive a degree in a field of their choice, where they may or may not be able to use to find work once they graduate. Is college really worth the money? Is it worth putting ourselves tens of thousands of dollars in debt to receive a diploma that doesn’t guaranteeRead MoreTuition Free Public College Education1677 Words   |  7 Pagesfor All: Tuition-Free Public College Education Everyone has the right to an education and education should be as accessible as possible to fulfill this need. Without an education, people are rendered powerless. Education gives people the power to go wherever and do whatever they want in life. This is especially true for higher education and a college degree is needed now more than ever. In the United States, in order to get ahead in a career or go up the social ladder, one needs a college degree.Read MoreThe Cost of Tuition Among Colleges and Universities in Highly Diversified and Indefinite926 Words   |  4 PagesThe cost of tuition among colleges and universities is highly diversified and indefinite. Students shouldn’t be financial problems that are associated with the high tuition cost for their education because it creates unnecessary stress and financial problems. The student’s primary concern should be their academic performance and learning. The tuition fee includes extracurricular expenses such as lifesty le amenities that may not be essential toward the student education yet they are still being chargedRead MoreIs Post Secondary School Worth It?1405 Words   |  6 PagesPost-Secondary School Worth It? In a society where the inflation of the broad economy is going up, it is being beat by the rapidly increasing tuition costs. Everyday people make the decision whether it is worth paying for high college tuition when job wages are decreasing. However, since the wages of jobs are going down it is more important now that people receiving a degree from a college or university. Therefore they can be on the top of the pay range by having the advantage of getting a job over high schoolRead MoreShould College Be Free College?1688 Words   |  7 Pagescover the costs? Free college is now brought up as a debate whether or not students should receive free college tuition while attending college. Some individuals would like this idea, but I am definite the taxpayers would not like it or support it. If the government cannot afford what they are in debt with now, I am quiet uncertain how adding free college would help the debt go down. I am sure that the government would find some way to get the ir money back from allowing free tuition, or twice the amountRead MoreAmerican University Should Seriously Consider Lowering Tuition Costs892 Words   |  4 Pagescost quite as much as NYU, tuition is still very high, even for in-state public schools. If tuition continues to rise, the amount of students that cannot afford to go to college will increase, and these students will not be able to achieve their full potential. Because of this, colleges and universities in America, particularly public colleges, need to reconsider the cost of tuition. One of the wonderful aspects about college is that students are able to choose what college they want to go to, as opposedRead MoreA Poor Solution For America s Shortcoming1625 Words   |  7 PagesA major issue in today’s society is the debate over free community college tuition. Even though some say free community college tuition would be one step closer to saving Americas crumbling lower class, community college tuition should not be completely free. An education from a community college is already very affordable even for those who are from low-income families. On top of being affordable, free community college tuition as it stands today is easily exploitable by those who don’t need itRead MoreShould Taxpayers Fund College Tuition? No?909 Words   |  4 PagesAnna Lis Professor Holly Boux Political Science 103 December 1st, 2015 Should Taxpayers Fund College Tuition? No Dear Representative John Kline, Executive Summary: In the United States, college should remain an accessible opportunity for Americans. Any one who is willing to put in the hard work and effort to make their future better, should be secured an education. A college education is important to one s future and can make a huge difference in how successful someone can become.Read MoreGeorge Orwell s 1984 And Modern Day Society1504 Words   |  7 Pages College Tuition Imagine college graduation day, walking down the aisle to receive a diploma that one has worked towards for their entire life. However, the moment is bittersweet because one’s education has put him/her into thousands of dollars in debt by the high tuition prices of colleges and loans to the government. Dehumanization by the totalitarian government in the book 1984 by George Orwell is similar to the dehumanization in modern society between the government and colleges onto the student

Through Deaf Eyes Free Essays

THROUGH DEAF EYES is a two-hour documentary that explores 200 years of Deaf life in America. The film presents the shared experiences of American history – family life, education, work, and community connections from the perspective of deaf citizens , and Gallaudet University president emeritus I. King Jordan. We will write a custom essay sample on Through Deaf Eyes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The movie started by CJ Jones who is an actor director. It’s gives me more information about the deaf culture community by showing me the history of how Gallaudet, Laurent Clark other great people brought sign language to the united stated states. The video let me appreciate the deaf culture more and understand it better. Deaf people suffered many hardships through the years but opportunities for them are growing more and more. The way hearing view Deaf culture is becoming more and more accepting. Parents of deaf children have to face many tough decisions on how to help their child succeed in life. I have learned some historical news about ASL like: Ninety percent of deaf children have hearing parents; thirty five million Americans have some hearing loss, 300,000 people are profound deaf out of the thirty five million, deafness can be heredity, accident, injury. After I watched the in the movie that how In 1817 Thomas Gallaudet opened the first deaf school with seven students, and Laurent Clark brought FSL and worked together for the school which gives me a better view that they really worked together to build ASL foundation. I didn’t liked that how they suffered because of one man believed that using signs didn’t allow deaf children to learn to speak and lip read. Like how the oral method grew up and deaf teachers and teaching ASL method declined. How deaf school was prevented from signing and using the oral method as well as forbade signing and forced them to speak, and even babies were taught rhythm. Speaking was two-way communications for someone who can lip-read and speak, so others don’t assume that they can hear. Many discriminated deaf people so; they made the NAD (National Association Of Deaf). A rule was made that the deaf couldn’t work for the government. The seventh president of NAD fought and won to repeal the world. He is probably the most famous NAD president. He spoke four languages and was a brilliant man. NAD began making movies to maintain sign language. Deaf across portrayed deaf hearing characters because the movies were silence often-deaf characters were dumb and reason for laughter and comedy but at least deaf people could understand the movies. After, 1929, when movies were no longer silence and was a tragedy for the deaf. As schools spread, as well as signing, there were deaf teams they could defeat hearing teams, clubs and much more. However, tried to fix deafness and saw it was a problem. Charles Limbard flew â€Å"deaf flights† tried to cure deafness. Many parents turned to medicine to cure it, religion, and even by playing baseball. Really dislike how NAD banded Black people from attending deaf schools, which lasted for forty years. I liked their success when they achieve by establishing their own community and culture by sharing with other hearing people. Deaf people tried to focus on what they could do. If there was obstacle they usually came up with a solution on their own. There are now deaf churches so the could worship. For first ninety years telephones existence deaf people could not use it. Then the great technology in 1964, Robert Breck tried to invent a deaf telephone he was a deaf and a brilliant physicist. Then the teletypewriter worked in may of 1964. It spread as first in testing, type, in a new sense from the phone sound and after a few changes were made. TTY was a huge step and technology was working for the deaf world. Sign language made a huge impact in 1955 by deaf people thought signing was weird and different because of the way they were taught. National theater of the deaf began performing and signing for the hearing public too. More drama clubs for the deaf only performed for the deaf. In 1968, National Technological institute for the deaf was established. Finally a deaf actor was in a leading role sign language was used throughout the movie. Some critics thought Mark won the Oscar by sympathy. DPN (deaf president now) movement, there were three options: 1 hearing, 2 deaf. The hearing person was chosen. Protests began and they marched. Surprisingly, for seven days there was a protest. Student leaders rule the board refused to change their minds but had a public meeting when the new president came to the campus, the students blocked the entrances and wouldn’t budge 93% of population supported DPN. How after 9 hour meeting, board accepted all of their demands. A law was passed that made it illegal to discriminate against anyone with a disability and from now on, Gallaudet University will have a deaf president. The deaf community for many years has been discriminated and judge so cruel through out the history. By seeing this video now I learned how the deaf world could change their life. When I look at a deaf person or hard of hearing person, I look at them a lot different now than I did growing up. I found this to be very interesting. I can understand this because they want to be alert to say their goodbyes to their family. It is interesting how different cultures view this practice inside the United States as well as outside the United States. 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International Business Finance And Trade Domestic Company

Question: Describe about the International Business Finance and Trade for Domestic Company. Answer: Section 1 A. Discussion on merger and acquisition Three common elements in the cross border merger and acquisition Cross border merger and acquisition is a deal between foreign and domestic company for business purpose. A firm takes initiative for cross for merger and acquisition to get new business opportunity in a wider market. Changes in global environment such as technology, business regulatory framework and changes in capital market influence the merger and acquisition. One important element of the merger and acquisition is enhancing competitive position of the firm (Zheng et al., 2016). A firm can strengthen global competitiveness by accessing strategic property assets. A firm can use the assets of acquired firm or the firm with it has merged. This MA policy enable the firm to gain market power by enhancing the market share. The second common element of the MA policy is the management of the post acquisition transition. Third element is getting financial opportunities through MA. MA has some risk factors such as political risk, economic risk, and social risk. The identified element of merger and acquisition is important concern for a business to enhance the growth opportunity of the firm. Rani, Yadav Jain (2014) mentioned this term as green field investment. In the view of Otinda (2015), merger and acquisition is the cost effective way to get entry in the new market. A firm can gain competitive advantage about the in the form of technology, brand recognition in the target market. If these elements work in the positive direction for the business, these can accelerate the growth of the firm. The second element that a firm experiences after MA is the change in strategy and management. MA integrates two businesses and their culture. The success of MA depends on the collaboration of two different cultures. Third important element of the merger and acquisition is the valuation of the target firm. Firm can gain financial opportunity by choosing right method of valuation. Different channels of valuation can affect the merger propensities (Rani, Yadav Jain, 2015). Firms access to capital increases with the increase in firms value compared to other bidders. A small firm can be benefitted through acquired by a large firm. After acquisition, the share value of a small firm can increase in stock market. Reflection of the three elements in the TATA Motors acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover The objective of the Tata Motors for acquiring Jaguar Land Rover is to achieve global foot print and to enter global automobile market with a large scale. Jaguar Land Rover had a good brand value in the European market. Enhancing competitiveness and promoting growth wee other objectives. Tata motors gained two advanced design studios and technologies being a part of the acquisition deal. Tata motors could use the technology for the productivity improvement of the home country (Karolyi Taboada 2015). Tata Motors got the opportunity from this acquisition to us the high grade steel used by JLR. The steel was supplied by Corus in the European and US. Tata Motors has strong management practices, which facilitated the acquisition. Tata Motors has strong employee base, who are assets for the company. The organizational culture of Tata Motors follows empowering the employees with dynamic career path (Karolyi, Taboada, 2015). In-house and external training are organized for the skill development of the employees. Transformational and transactional leadership are followed in the Tata Motors. On the other hand, creative leadership style is followed in JLR. The management of JLR follows this leadership style for collaborative work in the organization. The management accepts innovative responses from the employees and responds to the changing situation readily. Hence, two different cultures have merged to enhance organizational culture. Tata Motors did not want to run the business from headquarter in India. Instead they decided to leave the business in the hands of executives in England. As stated by Erel, Liao Weisbach (2012), Tata Motors faced cash liquidity problem and had negative working capital after the acquisition. Moreover, debt ratio has increased in this company overtime after 2008 such that Tata Motors had paying problem of bridge loan of $3bn. Berger, Chen Li (2012) described that bridge loan is the short term loan that the company has to pay to remove the obligations. Due to facing liquidity crisis, Tata Motors has been facing difficulty in accessing credit and raising fund from the stock market. The acquisition was done in 2008 at the time of global financial crisis. Hence, this company had to face sub rime mortgage crisis and fall in demand for luxury car in the global market (Ahammad et al., 2016). However, this company has able to regain market share during 2012-13. Moreover, Tata Motors gained competitive advantage in cost synergy. Corus was main steel supplier for Tata group, TCS is the main manufacturing and engineering service provider and INC AT is the consultancy and outsourcing service providers of the Tata group. From the view point of valuation of the target company, it was thought that Jaguar is a good company being a reputed luxury brand. It can be said that the Tata Motors has faced both positive and negative side of the acquisition of JLR. Through this acquiring, Tata Motors got the opportunity to enter into the European market as well as the developing countries such as China, Asia pacific countries such as South Korea. B. ii) Discussion on the linkage between cost and available capital Interrelationship between cost of capital and availability of capital Cost of capital is the opportunity cost of making an investment. Cost of capital reflects the attitude of the investors towards risk. In the view of Aabo, Hansen Muradoglu (2015), cost of capital is the return expected by the company or a person, who invests capital in the business. There is an interrelationship between the cost of capital and availability of capital. If firm has sufficient fund to invest in a business, it can take risk of investment. Therefore, high return or higher cost of capital is expected from that investment. Case study of Tata Motors Tata Motors has took risk of investment in oversees. Tata Motors is listed in the New York Exchange and hence took the advantage to gather funds globally. Tata Motors planned to raise $1.08 bn funds from differential voting rights. The rule of DVR was that it would carry one vote for every ten shares. The company also decided to raise $330.69 mn funds from the rights issue of equity shares (Agyei-Ampomah, Mazouz Yin, 2013). Convertible preference shares were to be used for fund raising. Initially, Tata Motor used ordinary share for fund raising. The share value in Indian market was $45.85 per share. After issuing these shares, Tata Motors planned to raise $500-600 mn amount from overseas market through issue of securities. The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover was done at $2.3 bn using bridge loan fund of $3 bn. It was expected that the equity capital of Tata Motors would increase by 30- 35% in the year 2008. During 2008, Tata Motors had almost $57.952 mn paid up equity capital. However, the company faced liquidity crisis after the acquisition and failed to raise sufficient funds to meet the liabilities (Arcelus, Gor Srinivasan, 2013). The main reason of failure was the global financial crisis and mortgage market collapse in US. This situation worsens the market capital of Tata Motors and share price. In order to manage this situation, Tata Motors used underwriting agreement with JM financial consultant, public deposit scheme, $1 bn debt package by British government and addition purchase by sister companies such as Tata Sons, Tat Capital and Tata Investment Ltd. Section 2 A. Exposure to currency risk and hedging strategies Concept of currency risk In the view of Agyei-Ampomah, Mazouz Yin (2013), currency risk arise when relative valuation of currencies change. Currency risk is important to be considered as can affect the potential profit or loss from an investment. Current risk is also termed as exchange rate risk. Arcelus, Gor Srinivasan, (2013) cited that currency risk may arise from the possibility that depreciation of a currency may have negative effect on the companys asset value, investment and dividend payment on security denominated foreign currency. Barth, Konchitchki Landsman (2013) mentioned two types of currency risks such as transactional and translational risk. Transaction risk is related to the unprecedented fluctuation in exchange rate over a certain period of time. Translational risk arises when an asset is held in foreign currency. One of the negative effects of the currency or exchange rate risk is fall of a country or organisation in debt trap. Purpose of hedging policy In order to manage the currency risk, investors often use hedging policy. Currency futures, forward or option are used the hedging instruments. Hedging is used to reduce the extent of risk by fixing the product price in future. Bartram, Burns Helwege (2013) opined that these instruments are expensive for the individual investors. Hence, a simple hedge against currency risk is the use of exchange traded funds. Factors affecting the change in foreign exchange rate There are several factors affecting the currency value change such as inflation rate in US, trade deficit or surplus in US, appreciation or depreciation of US dollar and political instability in Home Country. When inflation rate is high, interest rate in the economy is also high, which further raises the currency value of the US dollar. If the foreign currency depreciates, payment in Brazilian dollar is profitable than on US dollar (Bodnar, 2014). Exposure to currency risk that Crosswell International faces 1 dollar = 3.200086 BRL (Brazilian real) This is the current exchange rate between Brazil and US currency, which fluctuates overtime. If the Brazilian company Material Hospitalar purchase health care products from Crosswell international, the trade would be in Brazli real. As price competition prevails in Brazilian market, Crosswell International requires setting the price at low level to gain the market share in Brazil (Carf Musolino, 2014). Now, if the transaction deal between two firms is fixed today and transaction will occurred in future, currency value fluctuation may affect the earning of both firms. If US currency appreciates at the time of transaction, revenue earned in Brazil in dollar value decreases. On the other hand, if domestic currency depreciates, capital inflows increase in the US economy and revenue of Crosswell International increases. However, Chang, Hsin Shiah-Hou (2013) opined that exchange rate fluctuation is difficult to predict. Dong, Kouvelis Su (2014) stated that the extent of currency risk faced by a company depends upon the profit margin of the business. The currency risk will be greater for the change in currency value in the foreign exchange market if the profit margin is smaller. If the exchange rate changes by 0.0001, that is exchange rate becomes US$1 = BRL2.199986. Crosswells revenue will be affected if the profit margin of the firm is smaller in Brazil. If the transaction settles for 10,000 units of the product and the price for each product is $3, then total revenue is $30,000. It would be priced in Brazilian market at $3*2.199986 = BRL6.599958 at changed exchange rate and total revenue would be BRL65999.58. If exchange rate is as the present time, then total revenue is $3*3.00086*10000= BRL90025.28. Hence, it can be seen that the revenue fluctuates with change in exchange rate. Moreover, Erel, Liao Weisbach (2012) opined that short term frequent fluctuation in exchange rate affects firms profi tability more than that is in long run. The effects of currency risk in business are increase in expenses, decrease in profits. Due to the volatile nature, currency risk makes the financial planning difficult. Methods of hedging Hedging through derivative is common method used by the firms. Different types of hedging are currency option, future and forward hedging. Crosswell International can use ETF in advance. Crosswell should use the ETFS with lowest spending and fees. Crosswelll may use forward contract to hedge the currency risk. It is used to purchase an asset at a specified time in future at a specified price agreed upon today. In this case, the specified price is said to be as delivery price. When both the company enters into the forward contract, the buyer of the contract expects that the domestic currency will appreciates in future. On the other hand, seller expects that exchange rate will depreciates in future. If Crosswell expects large revenue by collaborating with Material Hospitalar from its Brazilian customers, then Crosswell may expect depreciation in home currency (Gowda et al., 2012) Crosswell can use put option for hedging. Cross border trading is often delayed hence required to fix the currency value. This company can hedge its long position with put options and a short seller can hedge the position by call options. In the view of Hutson Laing (2014), Crosswell can choose to buy a single put option, which gives the company right to sell 100 shares of the company at agreed price. If Crosswell has bought a put option with the exercise price of $30 and will make the transaction within five months, the price would be the same during those months. The price would be fixed during agreed time irrespective of the exchange rate fluctuation. In order to protect itself from downside risk, Crosswell can pay option premium in the form of insurance. Crosswell can use money market hedging. There are two sources of money market hedging such as transactional and translation exposure. Translation exposure is a bigger issue for the large organisation like Crosswell International. However, money market hedge is complicated to cover translational risk. Therefore, this process can use transactional exposure. The company may face this risk due to two reasons such as payment due or expected receivables in Brazilian currency or because assets /liabilities may be denominated in foreign currency (Karolyi Taboada, 2015). The risks can be hedged via money market through the following process. Crosswell needs to borrow Brazil Rial by the amount equal to the present value of the accounts receivables. Then conversion of foreign currency is made into domestic currency at the spot exchange rate. After this conversion, the US dollar value on deposit is to be placed at the prevailing interest rate. The firm needs to repay the foreign currency loan with interest, when the Brazilian currency receivables come in (Lambert, Leuz Verrecchia, 2012). B. i) various stages of market penetration in the Brazilian market Challenges faced by exporter to enter into foreign market Exporter faces significant challenges while entering into the foreign market for export goods and services. A common challenge is barrier to entry into the new market due to having existence of monopoly power in the economy. Monopoly power can block entry through patent rights, licenses. This strategy prevents the development of substitute in the market. Shah, Hasnu, Butt (2016) cited that legal protection available to the foreign firm creates barrier to business performance. Poor legal protection regarding patent rights, trade marks is disadvantages of the firm. Furthermore, existing competition increases cost of firm to implement strategies in the motive of aiming access of the market effectively. Different consumer choices, cultural, language and logistics may affect the entry of a firm into the foreign market. Types of risk faced by Crosswell Crosswell wants to enter into Brazilian market through collaboration with Material Hospitalar. This strategy has been taken to use the distribution channel of Material Hospitalar in the Brazil market. Price competition already exists in the market (Stulz, 2013). Imposition of tariff on the goods increases the price of the health care products. Hence, product price in the market of Brazil is likely to increase. Delay in accounts receivables from the customer is another risk that is likely to be faced by Crosswell. Political instability in Brazil is another risk for the exporter. Analysis of each risk affecting competitiveness Imposition of tariff increases product price in the foreign country. Moreover, fluctuations in currency values affect the price. Tariff increases the cost of goods of the exporters. Rise in product price has negative impact on the business. This policy affects the competitiveness of this firm negatively. Increase in price may reduce the demand for Crosswells product in the Brazilian market and therefore may reduce the revenue (Uygur, Meric Meric, 2013). Account receivable within due date brings competencies in a firm. If Material Hospitalar fails to collect receivables from the customers in Brazil, it pushes the company towards liquidity crisis by reducing cash inflows. Liquidity and insolvency hampers business operation and reduces creditors task. Hence, investment and operational capability of the firm are hampered. Furthermore, fluctuations in currency value affect the profitability of the firm. All these factors affect the export of health products in Brazilian market. Negative effect and product may reduce the volume of export in that country (Zheng et al., 2016). It can be concluded that exporting is to assess the market of a foreign country through supplying goods and services. A firm may face several risks such as currency risks, risk of price rise due to tariff and other legal fees in the foreign country, which affects the business performance of the firm. References Aabo, T., Hansen, M. A., Muradoglu, Y. G. (2015). Foreign Debt Usage in Non?Financial Firms: a Horse Race between Operating and Accounting Exposure Hedging.European Financial Management,21(3), 590-611. Agyei-Ampomah, S., Mazouz, K., Yin, S. (2013). The foreign exchange exposure of UK non-financial firms: A comparison of market-based methodologies.International Review of Financial Analysis,29, 251-260. Ahammad, M. F., Tarba, S. Y., Liu, Y., Glaister, K. W. (2016). Knowledge transfer and cross-border acquisition performance: The impact of cultural distance and employee retention.International Business Review,25(1), 66-75. Arcelus, F. J., Gor, R., Srinivasan, G. (2013). Foreign exchange transaction exposure in a newsvendor setting.European Journal of Operational Research,227(3), 552-557. Barth, M. E., Konchitchki, Y., Landsman, W. R. (2013). Cost of capital and earnings transparency.Journal of Accounting and Economics,55(2), 206-224. Bartram, S. M., Burns, N., Helwege, J. (2013). Foreign currency exposure and hedging: Evidence from foreign acquisitions.The Quarterly Journal of Finance,3(02), 1350010. Berger, P. G., Chen, H. J., Li, F. (2012, September). Firm specific information and the cost of equity capital. 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Cross?Border Acquisitions and the Asymmetric Effect of Power Distance Value Difference on Long?Term Post?Acquisition Performance.Strategic Management Journal. Hutson, E., Laing, E. (2014). Foreign exchange exposure and multinationality.Journal of Banking Finance,43, 97-113. Karolyi, G. A., Taboada, A. G. (2015). Regulatory arbitrage and cross?border bank acquisitions.The Journal of Finance,70(6), 2395-2450. Lambert, R. A., Leuz, C., Verrecchia, R. E. (2012). Information asymmetry, information precision, and the cost of capital.Review of Finance,16(1), 1-29. Otinda, M. (2015).The Effects of Change Management on Mergers and Acquisitions: A Case Study of Loreal East Africa Limited(Doctoral dissertation, United States International University-Africa). Rani, N., Yadav, N. I. I., Jain, P. K. (2015). Impact of cross-border acquisitions' announcements on shareholders' wealth: evidence from India.Global Business and Economics Review,17(4), 360-382. Rani, N., Yadav, S. S., Jain, P. K. (2014). Impact of Domestic and Cross-Border Acquisitions on Acquirer Shareholders Wealth: Empirical Evidence from Indian Corporate.International Journal of Business and Management,9(3), 88. Shah, S., Hasnu, S. A. F., Butt, S. A. (2016). The Impact of Working Capital Policy on Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis of Domestic and Multinational Firms.Abasyn University Journal of Social Sciences,9(1). Stulz, R. M. (2013). How companies can use hedging to create shareholder value.Journal of Applied Corporate Finance,25(4), 21-29. Uygur, O., Meric, G., Meric, I. (2013). 2007-2009 Bear Market and Corporate Takeovers.International Journal of Economics and Finance,5(2), 78. Zheng, N., Wei, Y., Zhang, Y., Yang, J. (2016). In search of strategic assets through cross-border merger and acquisitions: Evidence from Chinese multinational enterprises in developed economies.International Business Review,25(1), 177-186.